Infectious Diseases

Infections are caused by bacteria or viruses

Infections occur when one or more microorganisms such as bacteria or viruses enter the animal's body. Some bacteria or viruses can harm the animal, for example, by creating toxins or destroying tissue. If the damage is extensive enough to be expressed as a symptom of illness, we speak of an infectious disease.

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The immune system

To protect itself from infections, the body has an immune system. This immune system is mainly made up of immune cells and defense proteins. This system can recognize the foreign structures of bacteria and viruses, mark them and destroy the invaders. If the immune system is weak or the number of illness-causing bacteria too large, the bacteria or viruses can readily and explosively reproduce, leading to illness.

Therapeutic measures

In addition to general measures such as rest, keeping warm, etc., there is also a targeted way to combat the pathogens. To date, however, there are only very few drugs that attack viruses. If we assume that the infection is bacterial in nature, antibiotics can be administered. Antibiotics are drugs that disrupt the metabolism of the bacteria and in so doing stop their growth or even kill them. The immune system gains the upper hand once again and the infection is usually cured.

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