Propolis

The propolis is not a product of the bees’ bodies, but is a resinous substance gathered from the buds and bark of trees, and from other plants. For example, it can come from poplars (brown), alders (yellow) or birches (black). It consists of resin (50%), wax (30%) and essential oils (10%), as well as proteins, trace elements and vitamins.
It is used by bees as so-called “bee glue” to seal any fissures or cracks in their dwelling. It is very sticky and is effective against a large number of fungi, viruses and bacteria. Hence humans use it to treat infections of the skin and mucus membranes. But it is also used to impregnate wood for violins. It is obtained by scraping it from the floor of the hives or by using a specially inserted propolis mat whose holes have been sealed by the bees.